System of motor control.



'PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908.

G. B. SGHLBY. SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29, 1907- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 890,458. PATENTED JUNE 9, 1908.

G. B. SOHLEY.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29, 1907- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2..

Q as

UNITED STA ES PnTE OFFICE GEORGE B. serum, or Noawoon, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-UHALMERS ooM PAN Y, A coa- PORATION on NEW JERSEY; AND THE BULLOCK ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 9, 1908.

Application filed March 29, 1907. I Serial No. 365,365.

Improvements in Systems of Motor Control,

act specification.

My invention relates to systems of motor control and particularly to multiple unit systems of traincontrol.

All or most of the multiple unit train control systems now in use require either a plurality of train wires or a lurality of train pipes in order to obtain the desired movements of the main controllers on the different cars from any desired point or points on'the train. These train wires or pipes .and espee ciallythe connections between corres ondlng wires or pipes on the different cars of t e train are-a source of considerable trouble and eX- pense, a derangement of the whole system often being caused by a single connection being outof order.

It 1s the object of my present invention to provide a system of train control in which o nly a single train wire is used. With this sin le' train wire the main controllers on the d" erent ca'rs maybe caused to move to any operative position for either forward or backward movement by operating any one of a number of master controllers throughout theranged that when one is in use, the. others are inoperative.

. My invention consists of a system of motor control comprising a main motor, a main controller therefor, a master controller for the main controller, a single connection between the main controller and the master controller, and means whereby movement of the master controller varies the potential of one end of said connection to cause the main controller to move in'one direction or the other until by its movement in the direction determined by the difference of potential between the two ends of the connector it has brought the other end of said connection to the same po tential.

More specifically my invention consists of a system of train control comprising a plurahty of motor cars, a main controller for the motor or motors or. each car, a pilot motor The master controllers are so ar-- for operating each of said main controllers, a single train wire, an arm on each car arranged to be connected to contact points of different potential by movement of said pilot motor, connections between said respective arms and said train wire for determining the direcof whlch the following is a full, clear, and extion of rotation of said ilot motors in accordance w1th the dlrection of the potential dlflerence between said tram wire and sald respective arms, and manually operated means for varying the potential ofsaid train wlre.

In another aspect my invention com rises the combination of a translating device, a controller therefor, a removable handle for the controller, means whereby the removal i of the handle from the controller disconnects said controller.

Other features of my invention will a pear from the description and drawings an will be ointed out in the claims.

igure 1 shows diagrammatically a multiple unit train control system embodying my invention; Fig. 2 shows a simple connection diagram illustrating the principle of In invention; Fig. 3 is a sectional view 0 the master controller; and, Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the motor controller.

If, as shownin Fig. 2, a number of resist-.

ances a, b, c and d are each connected between two wires 6 and f, maintained at a constant difference of potential, and the arms 9, h and t are movable over the resistances a, b and c by means of motors 7c, Z and m, one element of each of said motors, say the field coils, being properly connected directly between the wires 6 and f while the other elements of said motors, say the armatures, re connected between a third wire n and he respective arms g, h and 6, another arm 0 bemovement of the arm 0. This takes place because the movement of the arm 0 varies the potential of the wire n within limits determined by the potentials of the wires e and f, thereby impressing a difference of potential in one direction or the other upon the armatures of the -motors 7a,. Z and m, and causing said motors to rotate in the direction determined by the direction of thisrlilftarence of potential until the arms 9, h and i have for.

been brou ht to the same potential as the wire n. T is operation is on the'principle of the Wheatstone bridge. The resistance (1 and any oneof the resistances a, b and c correspond to the two sides of the-bridge, while the arm 0, Wiren and any one of the armatures 7:, Z and m with its correspondin arms g, h or sponding to the wire m. In the practical installation of the system, the armature of the motors'k, Z and m are not connected directly between the arms 9, h and '1', respectively and the train-wire because of the decreased speed which the motors would then have asthe potential of said arms approached that of the train wire, but are controlled by reversing switches 0 erated by. polariz'ed relays, the magnet coi s of which are so connected. The motors k, l and m are used to operate the main motor controllers of the cars, There may be any number of master controllers corresponding to the resistance d and the arm 0, only one of these master controllers however, being operatively connected at any one time. p i

The two units Aand B, illustrated in Fig. 1, represent any convenient units of control such as the different cars of a train. On each car there may be one or more master controllersand a main controller, the latter comprising a controlling par-t proper or motor controller and operating mechanism there- The motor controlling parts 10 and 1]., may be of any desired type in which the main motors are controlled for forward or backward movement according as the controller shafts 12 and 13 are moved in one direction or the other from the neutral or ofi' position. The motor controllers shown each control two motors, 14 and 15', and 16 and 17, res ectively, preferably by series-parallel control? and have the usual connections 18 and 19 res ectively to the trolleys 20 and 21 res )ective y and to the ground.

he motor controllers are arranged to be operated by pilot motors 26 and 27 respectively, as through worm gears 28 and 29. Pivoted arms 30, and 31 are also moved by the two pilot motors, traveling respectively over series of contacts 32 and 33 of graduated potential. These potentials may be obtained by connecting the contacts 32 and 33 to difl'erent points on resistances 34 and 35 res ectively, connected between the trolley and the ground. The field coils 36 and 37 of the-pilot motors are-permanently connected between the trolley and the round, while the direction of current in t e armatures thereof is reversible b reversing switches 38 and 39 respective y. These reversing the switchesiare operable by sensitive polarized relays 42 and-43 respectively. The magnet coils of the relays are connected between the arm 30 and 31 respectively. and the single train wire 40. In the "circuit of the armatures 26 and 27 are switches' 44 and 45 respectively, these switches being normally 0 osed but arranged to be opened b solenoids46 and 47 respectively, prefera ly connected in shunt to resistances 48 and 49 respectively in the connections 18 and 19.

The single train wire 40 extends throughout the train, the different parts of this wire on the different cars being joined by connectors 50. The different master controllers are provided with arms 51, 52, 53 and 54 respectively, which are manually movable over series of contacts 55, 56, 57 and 58 resgectively of graduated potentials similar to t ose of the series ofcontacts 32 and 33. These aduated potentials may also be obtained y having the contacts 55, 56, 57 and 58 connected to different points on resistances 59, 60', 61 and 62 respectivel which may be connected between the,tro ley and round by means of 'normally open switc es 63, 64, 65 and 66 The switch of the master controller which is to be used to control the train is closed while the remaining switches are open.

' in Fig. 3 I have shown a master controller in which the closing of this switch is accomplished by utting on the controller handle, the switch eing automatically 0 ened when the controller handle is remove The hollow shaft 7 O of the controller carries an arm,

as 54, movable over the series ofcontacts,

as 62. A frustum of a cone 71 is rotatable with the shaft 70 but is slidable lon itudinally thereof, this frustum bein ri id y fastened to a rod 72 fitting in the T101 ow shaft 70 and arranged to bede ressed by a projection 73 of the operating andle 74 when the latter is put in place on the shaft 70. When the frustum 71 is depressed by .putting the handle 74 in place on the shaft 70 it forces outwardly the lever of the toggle joint of the switches66 and 66", the two parts of the switch, as 66, being shown separate in this figure. When the handle 74 is removed from the shaft 70 the spring 75 forces the frustum 71 upward to allow the springs 76 and 77 to open the switches 66 and 66 The operating handle 74 is placed on any desired master controller, usually the one at the forward end of the train. Su pose that it attached to the arm 54, c osing the switch 66 in being so attached. The parts are referably soarranged that the handle he attached to or removed from the master controller onl when the rheostat arm of said controller is in the middle or off position. With the various parts in off position, the arms 54, 30 and 31 are connected to the middle points of the resistances62, 34 and 35 respectively and the motors 14, 15, 16 and 17 are disconnected. The arms 51, 52 and 53 are also all in off position, but as the resistances 59, 60 and 61 are disconnected the position of these arms is immaterial. Because the arm 54 is in its neutral position, that is, connected to the middle point of the resistance 62, the train wire 40 is at a potential half way between the otentials of the trolley wire and the ground? and no current flows through the magnets of the polarized relays 42 and 43. Consequently the reversing switches 38 and 39 are in off position and the armatures 26 and 27 of the pilot motors are disconnected. By moving the arm 54 upward as shown, the potential of the train wire 40 is raised, thus because of theresultant difference of potential between the terminals of the magnets of the relays42 and 43 causing said magnets to operate the reversing switches 38 and 39 to admit current to the armatures 26 and 27. These armatures now rotate to operate the motor controllers 10 and 11 in the desired direction and to also move the arms 30 and 31 upward to increase the potential of said arms and diminish the difference of potential between said arms and the train mm 40. This movement continues until the arm 30 has reached substantially the same potential as the train wire 40, thus deenergizing the magnets of the relays 42 and 43 to allow the switches 38 and 39 to move to off osition to disconnect the armatures 26 am 27 and to stop their further rosolenoid 80 in the circuit of eac 1 tation. If desired a brake of any type may be applied at this point to prevent continued movement of the main controller by its momentum. Such a brake ma comprise a of the armatures 26 and 27 and arranged when energized to lift a brake 81 from a brake disk 82 on the shaft of each of said motors.

The arm 54 may be moved to any desired position for forward or reverse movement of the train and the pilot motors 26 and 27 will 0 erate the motor controllers 10 and 11 and t e arms 30 and 31in the proper direction until said arms are brought to the same poarms 30 and 31 are shown as tential as'the arm 54 and the train wire 40.

The resistances of. the magnets of the relays- 42 and 43 are preferably great as compared with the'resistances 34, 35, 59, 60, 61 and 62.

In case themotors 26 and 27 operate so rapidly that too great currents 'are'supplied to the motors 14, 15, 16 and 17, the solenoids 46 and. 47 will open their respective switches 44 and 45 to interrupt the current to the armatures 26' and 27 and thus prevent further movement of said armatures until the main motors 14 to 17 shall have increased in speed sufficiently to bring the motor currents down to normal.

Although in the diagram of Fig. 1 the being actuated by worm gears which are indepem ent of the plurality of normally worm gears actuating the motor controllers 10 and 1 1,'in practice these arms would gen erally be combined with the res ective motor controllers as by being mounte on the shafts 12 and 1 3 as shown in Fig. 4. It is also desirable to provide means whereby in case the current supply from the line should fail, the controllers 10 and 11 together witlrtho arms 30 and 31 would be automatically returned to their 06' or neutral positions. This may be accomplished as shown in Fig. 4, where a s ring 85 of pro er strength. tends to move the motor contro ler shaft to its middle position whenever the latter is away from said position, and will do so whenever the winding 86 of a magnetic clutch which connects said'shaft to the worm gear is deenergized. The clutch windim 86 1s connected in any desired manner, as by formin one of the sections of the resistance 32 or by being in circuit with the pilot motor field winding, so as to be su plied continuously with current from the line when the latter is alive to maintain the connection between the shaft 12 and the worm gear 28.

Many modifications may be made in the construction and connections here shown and described and all such which do not involve a departure from the spirit and sco e of my invention I aim to cover in the ollowing claims; a

What I claim as new is:

1. In combination, a translating device, a. controller therefor, a removable handle for the controller, and means whereby the removal of the handl'e from the controller disconnects said controller.

2. In combination, a motor, a main controller therefor, a master controller for the main controller, a removable handle for the master controller, and means whereby the removal of said handle disconnects said master controller.

3. V In combination, a motor, a lurality of controllers therefor, said contro lers being normally disconnected, a removable handle for'said controllers, and means whereby putting said handle in place on any one of the controllers connects that controller.

4. In combination, a motor, amain controller therefor, a plurality of normally disconnected 'mastercontrollers for said main controller, a removable handle for said master controllers, and means whereby putting said handle in place on any one of said master controllers connects that controller.

5. In combination, a lurality of motors, a

disconnected controlers any one of which can control all of said motors, an operatin handle which may be placed on any of sai controllers, and means whereby putting said handle on any one of said controllers connects that controller.

6. In combination, a lurality of motors, a plurality of main controllers for the motors, a

plurality of normally disconnected master controllers any one of which can control all of said main controllers, an operatin handle which may be attached to any of said master controllers, and means whereby attaching said handle to an one of said master con trollers operative y connects that master controller.

7. A system of motor control comprising a motor, a main controller therefor, said main controller including a pilot motor for operating it, a master controller for the main controller, and a conductor leading from the master controller to the main controller, the direction of movement of said pilot motor being determined by the direction of current in said conductor, said conductor being arranged to have the potential at one of its ends varied by movement of the master controller and the potential at its other end by movement of the main controller.

8. A system of motor control comprising a main motor, a main controller therefor, said main controller including a ilot motor for operating it, a master contro ler, and a conductor leading from the main controller to the master controller, the movement of said pilot motor being in a direction determined y the direction of current in said conductor and continuing while there is current in said conductor, said conductor being arranged to have the potential of one of its ends varied by the master controller, and its other end brought to the same potential by movement of the main controller.

9. A system of motor control comprising a main motor, a motor controller, a pilot motor for operating said motor controller, two series of contact points of graduated potential, an arm movable over one of said series by hand, a second arm movable over the other series by said pilot motor, and. a connection between said two arms, said pilot motor being arranged to'move. to diminish the current in said connection to. substantially zero. 10. A system of motor control comprising a motor, a motor controller therefor, areversible motor for actuating said motor controller, two series of contact points of similarly graduated potential, an-arm' movable over one of said series by said 'ilot motor, a second arm manually mova' le over the other of said series, and a connection between said two arms, the direction' of current in said connection controllingth'e direction of movement of said pilot motor.

11. A system of motor control comprising a plurality of motors, a plurality of motor.

controllers therefor, a pilot motor for actuating each motor controller, an arm movable over a series of contact points of graduated )otential by each pilot motor, a connection irom all of said arms to a manually ,operated arm movable over a series of contact points of similarly graduated potential, the direcscones tion of movement of said pilot motor varying as the direction of current in said connection.

12. A system of motor control comprising a plurality of motors, a lurality of motor controllers, a reversible pi ot motor for actuating each of said motor controllers, anarm' movable over a series of contact points of graduated potential by each of said pilot motors, an arm manually movable over a series of contact points of similarl graduated potential, a single 'wire to wiich all of said arms are connected, and connections whereby when there is current in said wire said pilot motors move in the proper direction to decrease said current.-

13. A system of train control comprisin a plurality of motor cars, a.motor control or or the motor or motors on each car, a pilot motor for operating each of said motor cone trollers, a single train wire, an arm on each car arranged to be connected to contact points of different potential by movement of said pilot motor, connections between said arms and said train wire for determining the direction of rotation of said pilot motors in accordance with the direction of the potential difference between said train wire and said respective arms, and manually operated means for determining the potential of said train wire. 1 I

14. A system of motor control comprising a main motor, a main controller therefor, a master controller for the main controller, a

,sin le connection between the main con troller and the master controller,'and means whereby movement of the master controller varies the potential of one end of said connection to cause the main controller to move in one direction or the other until by its movement in the direction determined by the difference of potential between the two ends of the connection it has brought the other end of said connection to substantially the same potential.

15. A system of motor control comprising a main motor, a main controller therefor, a master controller for the main controller, a single connection between the main controller and the master controller, means whereby movement of the master controller varies the potential of one end of said connection to cause the main controller to movein one direction or the other until by its movement 1n the direction determined by the difference of potential between the two, ends of the connection it ha brought the other end of said connection to substantially the same potential, and means for sto 1n the movement PE g en the two ends of I 17. In-a multiple unit control s *stem, 21'

I single pilot wire extending throug out the train, a master controller, a plurallty of motor controllers on the different cars of the train having positions corres onding to the positions of the'master contro ler, and means whereby each motor controller automaticall takes the position corresponding to the position occupied by the master controller regardless of the number of other motor controllers which ma be under the control of the master contro ler.

18. In combination, an electric'motor, an electrically operated main controller therefor, a master controller for the main con troller, a removable handle for the master controller, and means whereby the removal of said handle electrically disconnects said master controller.

19. In combination, an electric motor, a plurality of controllers therefor, said controllers being normally ineffective in any position, a removable handle for said controller, and means whereby putting said handle in place on any one of the controllers renders that controller effective.

20. In combination, an electric motor, a controller therefor, a removable handle for the controller, and ,means whereby the removal of the handle from the controller renders said controller ineffective in all positions.

21. In combination, an electric motor, a

main controller therefor, a plurality of normally ineffective master controllers for said main controller, a removable handle for said master controllers, and means whereby putting said handle in place on any one of said master controllers renders that controller effective.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

. GEORGE B. SCHLEY. Witnesses:

RUBY ROBINSON, FRED J. KINSEY. 

